On 17 September 2025, Pakistan and Saudi Arabia formalised a Strategic Mutual Defence Agreement (SMDA) in Riyadh, under which aspects of defence cooperation between the two countries will be […]
Tag: Iran
Türkiye’s Steel Dome: Redefining Air Defence and Strategic Autonomy
Recent decades have witnessed a transformation in the notion of national security, wherein conventional military capabilities are increasingly complemented by high-tech defence systems. The face […]
The Saudi Arabia–Pakistan Strategic Mutual Defence Agreement and Its Implications for Iran’s Security Outlook
Saudi Arabia and Pakistan formalised their longstanding security cooperation through the Strategic Mutual Defence Agreement on September 17. Though the agreement is primarily being seen […]
The Anatomy of Saudi-Pakistan Defense Agreement: The Timing, the Message and the Noise
In an argument on what collective security really means, the influential realist thinker Hans Morgenthau remarked, it means “One for all and all for one”. This […]
The Qatar Strike and the Illusions of Gulf Security
It is often said that the only predictability about the Middle East’s geopolitics is its unpredictability, and yet what has remained remarkably consistent is the […]
Review of Ahmed Rashid’s “Taliban: Militant Islam, Oil and Fundamentalism in Central Asia”
As the United States withdrew its troops from Afghanistan in 2021 after two decades of fighting the Afghan Taliban following the 2001 invasion, it ironically […]
Peace in the Shadows: Women’s Unseen Struggle in Yemen’s War
Once rich in culture and history, Yemen has been devastated by nearly a decade of war between the Iranian-backed Houthi rebel movement and the post-2011 […]
Iran-China Relations in the Shadow of American Pressure
Summary: This article examines the deepening China–Iran partnership, highlighting dual-use material transfers, energy trade resilience, and coordinated maritime drills as tools to counter U.S. sanctions […]
China’s Quiet Game in the Iran-Israel Conflict
Summary: China’s muted role in the Iran-Israel conflict reveals its careful balancing act between strategic neutrality and deep regional interests. Despite strong ties with Iran, […]
What Explains the Duality of West’s Syrian Embrace and Afghanistan Abandonment?
International relations are rife with paradoxes. Few cases illustrate the contrasting behaviour of major powers, particularly Western actors, more starkly than Syria and Afghanistan, where […]