Middle East

  • The Shifting Gulf Security Order and Pakistan’s Growing Role

    For over four decades, the security architecture of the Persian Gulf rested on a single, seemingly unshakable foundation: the American security umbrella. Arab monarchies systematically outsourced their ultimate defence guarantees to Washington, turning states like Bahrain, Qatar, and the UAE into sprawling fortresses of Western naval and air power. The strategy was simple and well-funded,…

  • The Return of Great Power Rivalry: How Contemporary Wars are Reshaping Global Order

    The post-Cold War dream of a friction-free, hyper-globalised world governed by multilateral consensus seems to have encountered a systemic rupture. The international system has transitioned into the “Great fragmentation” through a structural shift in the post-1945 rules-based order. It is leading to a gradual decay of institutional legitimacy rather than a sudden collapse driven by…

  • Gender-Discriminatory Nationality Laws and Statelessness in the Middle East

    The United Nations 1954 Statelessness Convention defines a stateless person as someone who is not considered a national by any State under the operation of its law. Although statelessness is not a recent phenomenon and stateless individuals have existed for centuries due to post-war migration, territorial changes, state succession, or forced displacement following natural disasters,…

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